Who was King?
In Matthew 25, the “King” is a key figure in Jesus‘ parable of the Sheep and the Goats (Matthew 25:31-46). This King represents the glorified Son of Man—Jesus Christ Himself—who comes in His glory with all the angels and sits on His glorious throne (v. 31). The Greek word used for king is βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning “ruler” or “sovereign.” The portrayal is not of an earthly monarch, but of the exalted Christ at His second coming, executing final judgment.
In this passage, the King is not merely symbolic but reveals the divine authority and righteous judgment of Jesus. He gathers the nations before Him and separates people as a shepherd separates sheep from goats (v. 32). The sheep, representing the righteous, are welcomed into His kingdom. The goats, symbolizing the unrighteous, are sent away into eternal punishment. The King embodies divine justice, mercy, and sovereign authority over eternal destinies.
Biblical References
- Matthew 25:31-46 – The only specific reference in the Gospel of Matthew where the glorified Christ is directly called “the King” in a parable.
- Matthew 27:11, 29, 37 – Jesus is mockingly referred to as “King of the Jews” during His trial and crucifixion, a sharp contrast to His glorious portrayal in Matthew 25.
- Revelation 19:16 – Jesus is declared “King of kings and Lord of lords,” reinforcing His ultimate authority.
- Philippians 2:9-11 – God exalted Jesus and gave Him a name above every name, signifying His rule.
Explanation of the Passage
In the Parable of the Sheep and the Goats, Jesus uses the image of a king separating His subjects to convey the final judgment. The King rewards those who served “the least of these brothers and sisters of mine” (v. 40), indicating acts of mercy done unto others as service to Christ Himself. The judgment is not based on mere profession of faith, but on the fruit of faith—tangible love and compassion toward others.
The sheep are welcomed with the words: “Come, you who are blessed by my Father; take your inheritance, the kingdom prepared for you since the creation of the world” (v. 34). In contrast, the goats are condemned for neglecting the needs of others, and thus rejecting the King Himself (vv. 41–46).
What It Means for Today’s Christians
This passage reminds believers that true faith results in action. The King judges not merely by appearance or words but by a life marked by love and service. Every act of kindness done in Jesus‘ name reflects the heart of God and acknowledges His lordship. Christians are called to live as citizens of the kingdom, caring for others in anticipation of the return of the King.
It also gives assurance that Jesus is the rightful ruler who will bring justice, comfort the afflicted, and hold all accountable. For believers, the Kingship of Christ is both a comfort and a call to holy living.
How the Story Points to Jesus and the Gospel
The King in Matthew 25 is Jesus Christ, exalted and glorified, fulfilling His messianic role. His separation of sheep and goats illustrates the essential gospel truth: salvation is by grace through faith, evidenced by works of love (Ephesians 2:8-10; James 2:17). The King is also the Shepherd (John 10:11), the Judge (John 5:22), and the Savior (Luke 2:11).
The gospel calls people to submit to Jesus as King—not only in word, but in life. The mercy and justice displayed in this parable reflect the dual aspects of the gospel: those who receive Christ are welcomed into His kingdom, and those who reject Him are justly condemned.
Broader Biblical Themes
Kingship of Christ
The concept of Christ as King runs throughout Scripture. He fulfills the Davidic covenant (2 Samuel 7:12-16), rules with righteousness (Isaiah 9:6–7), and brings the kingdom of God to earth (Matthew 4:17). His rule is eternal, just, and redemptive.
Final Judgment
This parable aligns with the broader biblical theme of final judgment (Hebrews 9:27; 2 Corinthians 5:10). It affirms that Jesus is the Judge appointed by the Father, and eternal destinies hinge on our response to Him.
Kingdom Inheritance
The promise of a prepared kingdom (v. 34) echoes God’s eternal plan for His people—a plan of redemption, restoration, and glory. The righteous inherit what was ordained before time began (Ephesians 1:4).
Love in Action
The King rewards acts of kindness toward “the least,” reinforcing the biblical ethic of love, mercy, and justice (Micah 6:8; Matthew 22:37-40). Faith is not passive but active, demonstrating the character of Christ.
Reflection Questions
- Do I recognize Jesus not only as Savior but also as King over every part of my life?
- In what ways am I serving “the least of these” in my daily life?
- How does the reality of Christ’s return and final judgment shape my priorities?
- Am I living with the assurance that my acts of love and service are seen and valued by the King?
- How can I cultivate a lifestyle that reflects the values of the eternal kingdom?
The King in Matthew 25 is not merely a figure in a parable but a powerful reminder of who Jesus is: the sovereign Judge, merciful Shepherd, and reigning Lord. His words challenge us to align our lives with His kingdom and to await His return with faithful, loving hearts.