What was Eloth?
Eloth (also spelled Elat or Elath), from the Hebrew אֵלוֹת (’Êlôṯ), meaning “trees” or possibly “groves”, was a strategically important seaport located at the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba, part of the Red Sea. It was situated in the territory of Edom and played a vital role in the maritime trade activities of ancient Israel, especially during the reigns of King Solomon and King Uzziah. The site is associated with modern-day Elat (Eilat) in southern Israel.
Biblical References
Eloth is first mentioned in 1 Kings 9:26:
“King Solomon also built ships at Ezion Geber, which is near Elath in Edom, on the shore of the Red Sea.” (NIV)
It appears again in several significant passages:
- Deuteronomy 2:8 – as part of the journey of Israel near the territory of Edom.
- 2 Kings 14:22 – where King Azariah (Uzziah) restored Eloth to Judah.
- 2 Chronicles 8:17 – in reference to Solomon’s maritime ventures.
- 2 Chronicles 26:2 – Uzziah rebuilt Eloth after it had come under foreign control.
Historical and Biblical Background
Solomon’s Naval Expansion
Eloth is most notably mentioned during King Solomon’s reign, in conjunction with Ezion-Geber. Solomon, recognizing the economic value of maritime trade, developed Eloth as a naval base. From this port, ships were built and launched to sail to Ophir, bringing back gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks (1 Kings 10:22; 2 Chronicles 8:17-18).
This seaport allowed Israel to engage in long-distance trade, reaching lands across the seas. Solomon partnered with Hiram king of Tyre, whose Phoenician sailors provided the expertise needed to manage seafaring operations. Eloth thus became a symbol of international cooperation, economic prosperity, and expansion during the height of Israel’s kingdom.
Eloth Under Uzziah
Later, during the reign of King Uzziah of Judah (also called Azariah), Eloth was restored to Judah after being lost during previous conflicts. This restoration is recorded in 2 Kings 14:22 and 2 Chronicles 26:2, showing Judah‘s renewed interest in controlling trade routes and access to the sea.
However, the city would eventually be lost again. In 2 Kings 16:6, during the reign of King Ahaz, Rezin king of Aram captured Eloth and expelled the Jews, turning it over to the Edomites once again. This was part of God‘s judgment upon Judah for its apostasy.
Significance for Today’s Christians
Eloth may seem like a minor geographical footnote, but its role in Israel’s history highlights several enduring lessons:
Stewardship and Opportunity
Solomon’s development of Eloth shows how God‘s blessings—whether land, opportunity, or economic partnerships—are to be used wisely for the benefit of the people and the glory of God. The location was a divine provision, and when used properly, it became a channel of prosperity.
Obedience and National Blessing
When Israel and Judah were faithful to the Lord, their influence extended, and places like Eloth flourished. When they rebelled, they lost even their strategic blessings. Eloth became a tangible symbol of the rise and fall of Israel’s faithfulness.
Restoration and Responsibility
Uzziah’s rebuilding of Eloth reminds believers that even when blessings are lost due to sin or neglect, repentance and renewal can lead to restoration. Yet, restoration requires work, intentional leadership, and obedience to God’s ways.
How Eloth Points to Jesus and the Gospel
While Eloth itself is not directly connected to messianic prophecy, its role as a gateway to the nations through trade reflects the future role of Jesus Christ in bringing salvation to all nations. Just as Eloth was the port through which riches came to Israel, Jesus is the “door” (John 10:9) through whom all spiritual blessings flow to the people of God.
Moreover, the loss and restoration of Eloth echo the gospel story: humanity lost its dominion and blessing through sin, but through the work of the true King—Jesus Christ—restoration is made possible. He is the perfect King who never disobeys, never loses His kingdom, and through whom all nations will be blessed.
Broader Biblical Themes
1. Kingdom Stewardship
Eloth reflects how kings managed God’s resources and opportunities. Wise stewardship leads to flourishing; poor leadership leads to ruin.
2. Divine Sovereignty Over Nations
The rise and fall of Eloth demonstrate that God is sovereign over territories, kings, and trade. He raises nations and leaders according to His will and for His purposes.
3. The Gospel to the Nations
The port city of Eloth is a picture of God’s desire for the nations to be reached. In the New Testament, this desire is fulfilled as the gospel is preached “to the ends of the earth” (Acts 1:8).
4. Restoration After Loss
Eloth reminds us of the hope of restoration after disobedience. Though blessings may be lost for a season, God is merciful and able to restore what was taken when we return to Him.
Reflection Questions
- What blessings or opportunities has God given you that you might be called to steward like Eloth?
- In what areas of your life might restoration be needed, similar to how Uzziah restored Eloth?
- How can you participate in God’s mission to bring His blessing “to the nations” as symbolized by the maritime trade through Eloth?
- What lessons can you learn from the way Solomon and Uzziah managed this strategic place?
- How does the rise and fall of Eloth remind you of the importance of national and personal faithfulness to God?
Eloth may be just one small location in Scripture, but it powerfully reminds believers of God’s provision, the importance of obedience, and the global vision of His kingdom.